there is no much difference; i use both IIS/Apache on Windows.
$_ENV variables are usually disabled at remote host; i suggest you tally remote phpinfo() with localhost phpinfo()
about Web page editor, i say, HomeSite+ is a good one.
some functions of php depends on OS e.g., chmod() &c. so you need Apache on Linux; but this is not a critical requirement, you can do almost everything on ( local ) Windows, though Linux ( Redhat ), in itself, is a relevant ( here ) and great OS to study