Many application program languages have this functionality. Soundex attempts to do matches based on how something sounds. For example a soundex may get a match on something below where a like would not:
Fido (say it out lout)
Phydioux (say it out loud)
Smyth
Smith
Greek spelling, english spelling, but sound the same but spelled totally different.
This is an extreme example and frankly I don't expect a soundex to get this right but it gives you the idea.
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