You need a query like this to generate your required output - if you have other charge types, you'll need to add a further SUM(CASE...) for each one.
Code:
SELECT [customer id],
SUM(CASE [charge type] WHEN 'charge' THEN [charge amount] ELSE 0 END) AS [Penalty Charge],
SUM(CASE [charge type] WHEN 'interest' THEN [charge amount] ELSE 0 END) AS [Penalty Interest]
FROM <<YourTable>>
GROUP BY [customer id]