If no namespace is listed *where*? Need to establish the context.
In XML, if no default namespace is declared, the answer is "none of the above" - elements are in no namespace.
These tests, incidentally, are often of very poor quality. They are often produced by people with no understanding of the subject matter who scan textbooks looking for facts and turning them mechanically into multiple-choice questions, with no understanding of the context in which the information is applicable.
Michael Kay
http://www.saxonica.com/
Author, XSLT Programmer's Reference and XPath 2.0 Programmer's Reference