You have two options. You can do an xsl:include on a stylesheet module containing
<xsl:stylesheet...>
<xsl:variable name="X" select="value"/>
</xsl:stylesheet>
That's good if the "constant" is known at compile time. If you want a run-time parameter, it would be better to put it in an XML document and read it using the document() function.
Michael Kay
http://www.saxonica.com/
Author, XSLT Programmer's Reference and XPath 2.0 Programmer's Reference