XML doesn't allow elements to be nested inside attributes (and XSLT is XML...)
So use an attribute value template:
<input type="hidden" name="_TaskDetailsPortlet_WAR_JasperPortal_workflo wInstanceId"
value="{$callbackWorkflowId}"/>
You can nest any XPath expression between the curly braces.
Michael Kay
http://www.saxonica.com/
Author, XSLT 2.0 and XPath 2.0 Programmer's Reference